Public speaking techniques are mainly based on deep breathing, self-instruction training and the development of verbal, non-verbal and vocal skills.
Last update: July 23, 2020
Therapeutic programs focused on acquiring the ability to speak in public and avoid stage fright are developed from multiple factors, which are best worked on jointly. Anxiety is usually the most frequent response in these cases. In this article we will focus on 3 techniques for public speaking.
These programs work on the physiological, cognitive and motor aspects through deep breathing, self-instruction training and the development of verbal, non-verbal and vocal skills.
Both deep breathing and self-instruction are exposure techniques for the motor component. Breathing techniques help counter the effect of anxiety and facilitate speech. On the other hand, self-instruction techniques consist in introducing changes in self-verbalizations.
In this way, the levels of self-control increase and the behavior becomes more adaptive. The third technique focuses on the development of verbal skills that increase confidence and self-esteem. Below we will get to the heart of these techniques for public speaking.
3 techniques for public speaking
Controlled breathing
It is important to train and manage diaphragmatic breathing naturally. It is a breathing that, in addition to lowering anxiety levels, allows the speaker to have more air reserves while speaking and to make the voice go far.
In turn, this gives you more self-confidence. Chest breathing (up to the lungs) increases stress. In reverse, diaphragmatic breathing promotes the parasympathetic response and relaxation.
This breathing, also called deep breathing, brings more air to the lower part of the lungs. This is a high-capacity area, which is why it ensures better oxygenation and cleaning of the lungs.
Controlled breathing is not a difficult technique, but it is nevertheless advisable to learn it with a specialized therapist, in order to avoid mistakes and get the maximum benefit from it.
Meichenbaum self-education training
This method consists in the gradual introduction of self-verbalizations, inner verbalizations, thoughts and self-instructions. This change in internal dialogue affects the individual by modifying his behavior.
It was devised in the 60s by Dr. Donald Meichenbaum for aggressive and hyperactive children. Meichenbaum based on the studies of Vygotsky and Piaget on the importance of language in the control of motor behavior. It later proved to be an extremely useful method in general problem solving.
By modeling your thoughts through self-verbalizations, you can change your inner dialogue and keep your behavior under control when speaking in public.
This method consists of five steps. In the first two, the therapist acts as a model to be imitated; in the other three phases it is the individual who practices the self-instructions, first aloud, then very quietly (masked) and, finally, the self-verbalizations become thoughts or masked self-instructions.
Public speaking techniques: verbal, non-verbal and vocal skills
Public speaking requires the management of adequate linguistic resources, as well as a good structuring of the ideas to be exhibited and an appropriate register. Training such skills gives the speaker the necessary confidence and self-esteem.
Likewise, non-verbal language is a great communication tool. From facial expression to body movements, from eye contact to the management of physical spaces. Refining your body language is key to overcoming your fear of public speaking.
Learning to manage the voice is another key point. It is so important that the human being unconsciously tends to relate the voice with the personality.
The most important vocal elements to work on are tone, intonation, emphasis, speed, rhythm, projection and resonance. The voice is the element that reaffirms or destroys a speaker's first impression.
It is extremely important that the verbal, non-verbal and vocal elements are in harmony with each other and convey balance. What you see and what you hear must be consistent.
"The tone and quality of the voice can determine the effectiveness of the message and the credibility of the communicator."
-Albert Mehrabian, Emeritus Professor of Psychology, UCLA-
